Terahertz frequency-domain 4 × 4 Mueller matrix ellipsometer instrument designed for high-frequency magnetic resonance measurements

Viktor Rindert, Alexander Ruder, Steffen Richter, Philipp Kühne, Mark Bauer, Vanya Darakchieva & Mathias Schubert
Review of Scientific Instruments
96,
083905
(2025)
Placeholder image for an Instrumentation and Metrology publication
Rindert et al. (2025)
Review of Scientific Instruments 96, 083905 · placeholder image

Research overview

This paper describes a terahertz frequency-domain ellipsometer that measures the full 4 × 4 Mueller matrix, designed for magnetic resonance studies. Two continuously rotating anisotropic meta wave plates act as polarization state generator and detector, while two wire-grid linear polarizers control the polarization state. A tunable, solid-state continuous-wave source covers 82–125 GHz, and 170–250 GHz with a frequency doubler, with sub-MHz bandwidth. A fast quasi-optical Schottky detector allows the source frequency to be swept rapidly while the wave plates rotate, giving Mueller matrix data at hundreds of wavelengths. Combined with a magnetocryostat (−8 to 8 T, 4–400 K), the instrument can record Zeeman diagrams. The authors determined the thickness of an anisotropic sapphire substrate and validated sensitivity to subtle magnetic resonances with electron paramagnetic resonance measurements on nitrogen-doped SiC.

Key findings

  • Full 4 × 4 Mueller matrix ellipsometry in the terahertz range using rotating meta wave plates
  • Continuous-wave operation at 82–125 GHz and 170–250 GHz with sub-MHz bandwidth
  • Fast frequency sweeping gives Mueller matrix data at hundreds of wavelengths
  • Magnetic resonance capability (±8 T, 4–400 K) validated by EPR on nitrogen-doped SiC
Rindert et al.,
2025

Publication details

Journal

Review of Scientific Instruments

Volume

96

Issue

8

Article

083905

Published

2025

Research area

Instrumentation and Metrology

Application

THz Mueller matrix ellipsometry and magnetic resonance

Institution

Lund University / University of Nebraska-Lincoln / Linköping University